COVID-19 in Patients with Glomerular Disease: Follow-Up Results from the IRoc-GN International Registry.

Background: The acute and long-term effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in individuals with GN are still unclear. To address this relevant issue, we created the International Registry of COVID-19 infection in GN. Methods: We collected serial information on kidney-related and -unrelated outcomes from 125 GN patients (63 hospitalized and 62 outpatients) and 83 non-GN hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and a median follow-up period of 6.4 (interquartile range 2.3-9.6) months after diagnosis. We used logistic regression for the analyses of clinical outcomes and linear mixed models for the longitudinal analyses of eGFR. All multiple regression models were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor use. Results: After adjustment for pre-COVID-19 eGFR and other confounders, mortality and AKI did not differ between GN patients and controls (adjusted odds ratio for AKI=1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46 to 3.60; P=0.64). The main predictor of AKI was pre-COVID-19 eGFR (adjusted odds ratio per 1 SD unit decrease in eGFR=3.04; 95% CI, 1.76 to 5.28; P<0.001). GN patients developing AKI were less likely to recover pre-COVID-19 eGFR compared with controls (adjusted 6-month post-COVID-19 eGFR=0.41; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.56; times pre-COVID-19 eGFR). Shorter duration of GN diagnosis, higher pre-COVID-19 proteinuria, and diagnosis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis or minimal change disease were associated with a lower post-COVID-19 eGFR. Conclusions: Pre-COVID-19 eGFR is the main risk factor for AKI regardless of GN diagnosis. However, GN patients are at higher risk of impaired eGFR recovery after COVID-19-associated AKI. These patients (especially those with high baseline proteinuria or a diagnosis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis or minimal change disease) should be closely monitored not only during the acute phases of COVID-19 but also after its resolution.

Improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms in a significant proportion of male patients with classic Fabry disease treated with agalsidase beta: A Fabry Registry analysis stratified by phenotype.

BACKGROUND: Fabry disease is an inherited disorder of glycolipid metabolism with progressive involvement of multiple organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, in classically affected male patients. Clinical presentations in males with later-onset Fabry phenotypes are more heterogeneous and largely dependent on the level of residual α-galactosidase A activity. METHODS: We assessed agalsidase beta treatment outcomes of gastrointestinal symptoms in adult males with classic or later-onset Fabry disease. Self-reports of abdominal pain and diarrhea ('present'/'not present' since previous assessment) at last clinical visit (≥0.5 year of follow-up) were compared with treatment-baseline. RESULTS: Classic male patients were considerably younger at first treatment than the fewer males with later-onset phenotypes (36 vs. ~47 years) and reported gastrointestinal symptoms more frequently at baseline (abdominal pain: 56% vs. 13%; diarrhea: 57% vs. 23%). As compared with baseline, significantly fewer classic patients reported abdominal pain after a median of 4.7 years of treatment (N = 171, 56% vs. 41%, P < 0.001). Moreover, significantly fewer patients reported diarrhea after 5.5 years of follow-up (N = 169, 57% vs. 47%, P < 0.05). Among the males with later-onset phenotypes, albeit statistically non-significant, abdominal pain reports reduced after a median of 4.2 years (N = 48, 13% vs. 4%) and diarrhea reports reduced after a median of 4.4 years of treatment (N = 47, 23% vs. 13%). CONCLUSIONS: Sustained treatment with agalsidase beta was associated with improvement in abdominal pain and diarrhea in a significant proportion of classic male Fabry patients. Males with later-onset phenotypes reported gastrointestinal symptoms much less frequently at baseline as compared with classic patients, and non-significant reductions were observed.

Reactivación silenciosa del virus de la hepatitis B en paciente que reinicia diálisis tras trasplante renal. ¿Cómo podemos prevenirlo o anticiparlo en el diagnóstico? / Reactivation of hepatitis B virus in patient that rests dialysis after renal transplantation. How can we prevent it or anticipate it in diagnosis?

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The clinical profiles of female patients with Fabry disease in Latin America: A Fabry Registry analysis of natural history data from 169 patients based on enzyme replacement therapy status.

BACKGROUND: Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder with heterogeneous clinical expression in female patients ranging from asymptomatic to severe clinical presentations as in classic males. We assessed clinical profiles and compared natural history data of female patients eventually initiated on enzyme replacement therapy ("ERT-recipients") with those remaining untreated ("ERT-naïve"). METHODS: We analyzed Fabry Registry data from 93 ERT-recipients, collected prior to ERT initiation, and 76 ERT-naïve females with classic or unclassified phenotypes from four Latin American countries and evaluated Fabry symptoms, interventricular septum thickness, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and severe clinical events. RESULTS: For 169 patients with available data, median age of first Fabry symptom manifestation was 12.7 years with peripheral pain as predominant first symptom, and diagnostic delay of 10.3 years from the first reported symptom. Female patients had high symptomatic burden during natural history follow-up, with 83% reporting peripheral pain, 69%-79% cold/heat intolerance or abnormal sweating, and 32% gastrointestinal symptoms. ERT-recipients reported similar age at first symptom as ERT-naïve patients but they were older at diagnosis (median 39.2 vs 24.4 years, P < .01) and last follow-up (median 43.4 vs 28.2 years, P < .01). Reported Fabry symptom frequencies and abnormal echocardiography findings were higher in ERT-recipients. Functional renal assessments were normal and similar. CONCLUSIONS: Female patients from Latin America have notable diagnostic delays and high symptomatic burden. ERT was prescribed late in females with advanced age at diagnosis and advanced disease. There remained many female patients who had been diagnosed at younger age, had substantial Fabry manifestations, but did not receive disease-specific treatment.

Nefropatía "oculta" tras preparaciones orales de fósforo para colonoscopia / "Hidden" nephropathy after oral phosphate preparation to colonoscopy

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Improvement of Fabry Disease-Related Gastrointestinal Symptoms in a Significant Proportion of Female Patients Treated with Agalsidase Beta: Data from the Fabry Registry.

Fabry disease, an X-linked inherited lysosomal storage disorder, is caused by mutations in the gene encoding α-galactosidase, GLA. In patients with Fabry disease, glycosphingolipids accumulate in various cell types, triggering a range of cellular and tissue responses that result in a wide spectrum of organ involvement. Although variable, gastrointestinal symptoms are among the most common and significant early clinical manifestations; they tend to persist into adulthood if left untreated. To further understand the effects of sustained enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with agalsidase beta on gastrointestinal symptoms in heterozygotes, a data analysis of female patients enrolled in the Fabry Registry was conducted. To be included, females of any age must have received agalsidase beta (average dose 1.0 mg/kg every 2 weeks) for at least 2.5 years. Measured outcomes were self-reported gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhea). Outcomes at baseline and last follow-up, and their change from baseline to last follow-up, were assessed. Relevant data were available for 168 female patients. Mean age at the start of ERT was 43 years and mean treatment duration 5.7 years. Baseline pre-treatment abdominal pain was reported by 45% of females and diarrhea by 39%. At last follow-up, 31% reported abdominal pain (p < 0.01) and 27% diarrhea (p < 0.01). The results of this Fabry Registry analysis suggest that while on sustained treatment with agalsidase beta (1.0 mg/kg every 2 weeks), both abdominal pain and diarrhea improved in many female patients with Fabry disease.

Vasculitis asociada a anticuerpo anticitoplasma de neutrófilo en paciente con enfermedad de Crohn en tratamiento con adalimumab / Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies associated vasculitis in patient with Crohn's disease treated with adalimumab

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Compromiso cardíaco en pacientes con enfermedad de Fabry / Cardiac involvement in patients with fabry's disease

Antecedentes: La enfermedad de Fabry (EF) es un desorden lisosomal de transmisión ligada al cromosoma X debido al déficit de la enzima alfa galactosidasa A, con acumulación multisistémica de globotriaosilceramida (GB3). La afectación cardíaca reduce expectativa y calidad de vida. Objetivo: Describir compromiso cardiológico de 38 pacientes con EF, diagnosticados y estudiados multidisciplinariamente. Destacar alta prevalencia en esta región. Método: A partir de caso índice, se aplica encuesta y elabora familiograma de 5 familias. Estudio genético y enzimático de 65 sospechosos confirma 38 afectados (25 Mujeres y 13 hombres) evaluados multidisciplina-riamente con Electrocardiograma, Ecocardiograma y exámenes de laboratorio. Resultado: Compromiso cardiológico en 66 por ciento de adultos, no presente en niños. Cardiopatía hipertrófica (CH) fue el hallazgo cardiológico más frecuente (56 por ciento de adultos) presente en 63 por ciento de los hombres y en 52 por ciento de las mujeres. En mayores de 40 años, 100 por ciento de hombres y 82 por ciento de mujeres están afectados. La edad promedio fue 38 en hombres y 57 en mujeres. Cardiopatía dilatada 26 por ciento en su mayoría asociado a CH. Insuficiencia valvular mitral leve en 47 por ciento, con predominio femenino, PR corto en 7 mujeres, fibrilación auricular 2 mujeres y 1 hombre, TPSV 1 mujer, BAV completo 1 hombre. Sin eventos coronarios. Conclusión: La afectación cardíaca en nuestro grupo es similar a la reportada internacionalmente. Dada la alta prevalencia que tiene esta patología en nuestro medio, frente a un paciente no hipertenso con hipertrofia ventricular debería descartarse EF. Evaluación dermatológica y oftalmológica apoyaría diagnóstico presuntivo antes de confirmación enzimática o estudio genético.

Aim: Fabry's disease (FD) is a lysosomal disorder with an X chromosome linkage. It is related to a deficiency of alphagalactosidase A, leading to multisystemic accumulation of globotriasocyl ceramyde (GB3). Cardiac compromise reduces life expectancy. Herein we describe cardiac and systemic findings in 38 patients with FD. Methods: A genetic and enzymatic characterization was obtained in all patients. FD was identified in 38 out of 65 screened subjects (25 females and 13 males), which belonged to 5 families identified from index cases. ECG and echocardiography was used to evaluate cardiac involvement. Results: Cardiac involvement was present in 66 per cent of adults and absent in all children. HVI was the most frequent abnormality observed in 56 of adults (63 per cent in males, 52 per cent in females). The prevalence of HVI increased with age reaching 100 per cent in males and 82 per cent in females aged 40 and older. Among other findings, cardiac dilatation was observed in 26 per cent, mild mitral insufficiency in 47 per cent and atrial fibrillation in 3 cases. No case of coronary artery disease was identified Conclusion: Fabry's disease is more prevalent than usually suspected. Cardiac involvement is frequent, especially the presence of HVI. It should be investigated in all subjects with unexplained LVH, especially when associated to characteristic dermatologic and ophtalmologic findings. Confirmation of the diagnosis may be obtained through enzymatic and genetic studies.

Utility of rare disease registries in latin america.

There are many registries in Latin America as dialysis and kidney transplantation, breast cancer, primary immunodeficiency, acute coronary syndromes, but the focus here are the registries of lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) because is our experience. Registry of Gaucher disease, Fabry disease, Pompe disease, and mucopolysaccharidosis type I are comprehensive observational voluntary programs that aim to collect clinical and laboratory data of initiation, progression, and evolution of those diseases, with and without treatment, using questionnaires of quality of life and/or skills and functions. There are two more programs of LSD: Hunter outcome survey and Fabry outcome survey. The registries are a kind of phase IV clinical trials, postmarketing studies delineate additional information including the drug's risks, benefits, and optimal use, and in addition we have data from natural history. The demographics of the Gaucher, Fabry, MPS I, and Pompe Registries show that a total of patients, being 16%, 8%, 15%, and 7%, respectively, of this population, and 19%, 19%, 18%, and 13%, respectively, of all physicians participating in the program are from Latin America. In the Gaucher Registry, we can observe that the percentage of children in Latin America (29%) is bigger than the rest of the world (20%), what can mean more severe disease in this population. These diseases are rare, and a database of clinical data from a larger number of patients gives us the opportunity to know about the natural history of these diseases, their phenotypic variability, and the response to specific enzyme replacement therapy in our population.

Facomatosis pigmentovascular tipo IIa / Phakomatosis pigmentovascularis, type IIa

La facomatosis pigmentovascular (FPV) es la coexistencia de un nevo vascular telangiectásico extenso y un nevo pigmentario asociado o no a compromiso sistémico. Se presenta el caso de una niña de 5 meses de edad que mostraba desde el nacimiento un nevo flámeo extenso segmentario con detención en la línea media asociado a una pigmentación grisácea diseminada compatible con mancha mongólica aberrante, sin ninguna anomalía extracutánea. La FPV tipo IIa es uno de los tipos más frecuentes que, al igual que otros tipos de FPV, probablemente se deba a un mecanismo de manchas gemelas no alélicas (AU)